Liver function test

 


A liver function test, also known as a liver panel or hepatic function panel, is a group of blood tests that are used to assess the health and function of the liver. These tests provide valuable information about the liver's ability to process and metabolize substances, as well as its overall condition. Liver function tests typically include several individual tests, each measuring specific aspects of liver function. Some common tests included in a liver function panel are:


1. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT): ALT is an enzyme found in the liver. Elevated ALT levels can indicate liver damage or disease, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis.

2. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST): AST is another enzyme found in the liver, but it's also present in other organs like the heart and muscles. Elevated AST levels can suggest liver damage or injury, but it's less specific for liver function than ALT.

3. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): ALP is an enzyme found in the liver and bile ducts. Elevated ALP levels can be indicative of liver disease, bile duct obstructions, or bone disorders.

4. Total Bilirubin: Bilirubin is a waste product produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. Elevated levels of bilirubin can indicate liver problems or issues with the bile ducts. It can cause jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes.

5. Albumin: Albumin is a protein produced by the liver. It helps maintain the osmotic pressure in the blood and carries various substances. Abnormal albumin levels may suggest liver disease or malnutrition.

6. Total Protein: This test measures the total amount of protein in the blood. It includes both albumin and globulin. Abnormal protein levels can indicate liver disease, kidney disease, or other conditions.

7. Prothrombin Time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR): These tests assess the blood's ability to clot. The liver produces clotting factors, and changes in PT and INR can indicate liver dysfunction.

8. Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT): GGT is an enzyme found in the liver and other tissues. Elevated GGT levels can indicate liver or bile duct problems, alcohol use, or certain medications.

These tests are often ordered together to provide a comprehensive picture of liver function. Abnormal results can indicate various liver conditions, such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, or liver tumors. It's important to note that liver function tests are just one part of the diagnostic process, and additional tests and clinical evaluation may be needed to determine the specific cause of any abnormalities and guide treatment. If you have concerns about your liver function or have been instructed to undergo these tests, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for proper interpretation and guidance.






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